In IS literature, the metaverse-phenomenon is conceptualized differently. In line with Davis et al.’s (2009) broad conceptualization, metaverses are defined as „immersive three-dimensional virtual Worlds (VWs) in which people interact […] [in] a real world but without its physical limitations” (p. 91). Through the lens of e-commerce, its objective is to establish a VW, incorporating augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) to facilitate new combinations of online trading with VR/AR. Although mainly neglected in mainstream IS research, e-commerce and consumption in VWs offer potentials to uncover customer behaviours in virtual consumption. The primary objective of this seminar paper is to analyse and discuss the implications of metaverses for the e-commerce business, both for customers and for companies. 

Literatur

• Davis, A., Murphy, J., Owens, D., Khazanchi, D., & Zigurs, I. (2009). Avatars, People, and Virtual Worlds: Foundations for Research in Metaverses. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 10(2), 90-117. doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00183
• Dincelli, E., & Yayla, A. (2022). Immersive virtual reality in the age of the Metaverse: A hybrid-narrative review based on the technology affordance perspective. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 31(2), Article 101717. doi.orghttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2022.101717
• Hassouneh, D., & Brengman, M. (2015). Metaverse Retailing: Are SVW Users Ready to Buy Real Products from Virtual World Stores? In P. Kommers, P. Isarias, & H. Fernandez Betancort (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th International IADIS Conference on e-Commerce and Digital Marketing (EC 2015): Multi Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (MCCSI2015) (pp. 104-110).
• Shen, B., Tan, W., Guo, J., Zhao, L., Qin, P. (2021) How to Promote User Purchase in Metaverse? A Systematic Literature Review on Consumer Behavior Research and Virtual Commerce Application Design. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(23):11087. doi.org/10.3390/app112311087
• Sawiros, M., Lou, R., Rawash, M., (2022). NEXT-GEN E-COMMERCE in the METAVERS. In 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct), Singapore, 30-35. doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct57072.2022.00017.

To increase organizational attractiveness for potential new hires, companies rely on building a strong employer brand as part of employer branding, i.e., the process of building a unique identity and reputation that can be identified by (potential) employees. Especially when it comes to attracting younger generations and “digital natives,” who prefer social networks as communication channels, companies have to be present on social media. In this context, the social online presence of employers is of particular importance since social presence and communication on social media - in line with Signaling Theory - can be interpreted as signals to potential applicants. Specifically, this means that potential applicants are subject to information asymmetries regarding the identity and working conditions of a potential employer, and therefore tend to interpret the employer's communication and social presence as a signal of their attractiveness. However, an employer’s online social media presence can also pose risks to its employer brand and reputation since companies relinquish autonomy and control through participation in social networks (e.g., on employer rating platforms). The aim of this seminar paper is to conduct a critical analysis of the influence of employer's online social media presence on employer brand and attractiveness based on the theoretic lens of signaling theory.

Literatur

• Celani, A., & Singh, P. (2011). Signaling theory and applicant attraction outcomes. Personnel Review, 40(2), 222-238. doi.org/10.1108/00483481111106093
• Connelly, B. L., Certo, S. T., Ireland, R. D., & Reutzel, C. R. (2010). Signaling Theory: A Review and Assessment. Journal of Management, 37(1), 39–67. doi.org/10.1177/0149206310388419
• Carpentier, M., Van Hoye, G., & Weijters, B. (2019). Attracting applicants through the organization’s social media page: Signaling employer brand personality. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 115(2019), Article 103326. doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.103326
• Phillips-Wren, G., Doran, R., & Merrill, K. (2016). Creating a value proposition with a social media strategy for talent acquisition. Journal of Decision Systems, 25(1), 450–462. doi.org/10.1080/12460125.2016.1187398
• Priyadarshini, C., Kumar, Y., & Jha, R. (2017). Employer attractiveness through social media: A phenomenological study. The Qualitative Report, 22(4), 969–983. doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2017.2663
• Schaarschmidt, M., Walsh, G., & Ivens S. (2021). Digital war for talent: How profile reputations on company rating platforms drive job seekers' application intentions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 131, Article 103644. doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2021.103644

Unternehmen agieren heute in einer zunehmend vernetzten Welt und in verschiedenen Arten von Geschäftsökosystemen, in denen sie mit ihren Kunden, Partnern und Wettbewerbern interagieren. Die Prozesse der Analyse und Planung der Verflechtung von Geschäfts- und IT-Architektur in Unternehmen werden erfolgreich durch Ansätze des Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM) unterstützt. Gegenwärtige Ansätze zur Modellierung von Enterprise Architectures (EA) fokussieren jedoch nur einzelne Unternehmen und spiegeln nicht die Verwobenheiten innerhalb von Geschäftsökosystemen wider.

Vor diesem Hintergrund soll in dieser Seminararbeit eine domänenspezifische Modellierungssprache für den E-Commerce entwickelt und angewendet werden, in der die Value Co-Creation zwischen den verschiedenen Ökosystemteilnehmern abgebildet wird. Dazu soll die zu entwickelnde domänenspezifische Modellierungssprache insbesondere die Informationssystemarchitektur beinhalten.

Literatur

• Adner, R. (2017). Ecosystem as Structure: An Actionable Construct for Strategy. Journal of Management, 43(1), 39–58. doi.org/10.1177/0149206316678451
• Frank, U. (2013). Domain-specific modeling languages: Requirements analysis and design guidelines. In I. Reinhartz-Berger, A. Sturm, T. Clark, J. Bettin, & S. Cohen (Eds.), Domain Engineering: Product Lines, Languages, and Conceptual Models (pp. 133–157). Springer.
• Jacobides, M. G., Cennamo, C., & Gawer, A. (2018). Towards a theory of ecosystems. Strategic Management Journal, 39(8).
• Schütte, R., & Wulfert, T. (2022). Digital platforms and trading companies: the evolution of traditional business ecosystems to integrated digital business ecosystems. In S. Baumann (Ed.), Handbook on Digital Business Ecosystems: Technologies, Markets, Business Models, Management, and Societal Challenges (pp. 212–231). Edward Elgar.
• Strobel, G. (2021). Information systems in the era of the internet of things: A domain-specific modeling language. Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 4816–4823. doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2021.584
• Wulfert, T., Woroch, R., Strobel, G., Seufert, S., & Möller, F. (2022). Developing Design Principles to Standardize E-Commerce Ecosystems: A Systematic Literature Review and Multi-Case Study of Boundary Resources. Electronic Markets, 32, 1813–1842. doi.org/10.1007/s12525-022-00558-8

Viele Unternehmen sammeln ihre Daten in unstrukturierter Form in einem Pool. Diese Pools werden auch Data Lakes genannt. Data Lakes sind eine effiziente Speicherform, um schnell verschiedene Daten in großen Mengen zu sammeln. Das Speichern der Daten ist somit sehr einfach. Auf der anderen Seite sind Data Lakes weniger gut geeignet, um schnell und effizient Daten auszulesen, da die enthaltenen daten unstrukturiert sind. In dieser Seminararbeit soll eine prototypische Architektur eines Data Lakes entwickelt werden.

Literatur

• Singh, Ajit, and Sultan Ahmad. "Architecture of data lake." International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology 5.2 (2019): 4-4.
• John, Tomcy, and Pankaj Misra. Data lake for enterprises. Packt Publishing Ltd, 2017.
• Sawadogo, Pegdwendé, and Jérôme Darmont. "On data lake architectures and metadata management." Journal of Intelligent Information Systems 56.1 (2021): 97-120.

The concept of individual productivity is a complex and multifaceted topic that has been studied from a variety of perspectives and disciplinary viewpoints. This seminar thesis will explore the different definitions, perspectives, and disciplinary views on the concept of individual productivity.

The thesis will begin with a literature review of existing research on individual productivity, examining how the concept has been defined and operationalized across different disciplines, including psychology, sociology, management, and economics. The review will also explore alternative definitions and perspectives on productivity, such as those that emphasize creativity, innovation, or social impact.

In conclusion, the thesis will discuss how the study's findings can contribute to a more complete and inclusive comprehension of individual productivity. This will involve proposing ways to incorporate various perspectives and definitions of productivity in future research and practice, as well as providing guidance for individuals to improve their productivity in a comprehensive and purposeful manner.

Literatur

• Butt, M. A., Nawaz, F., Hussain, S., Sousa, M. J., Wang, M., Sumbal, M. S., & Shujahat, M. (2019). Individual knowledge management engagement, knowledge-worker productivity, and innovation performance in knowledge-based organizations: the implications for knowledge processes and knowledge-based systems. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 25, 336-356.
• Fritz, T. (2016). Measuring individual productivity. In Perspectives on Data Science for Software Engineering (pp. 67-71). Morgan Kaufmann.
  http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/IJITSA.2015010103v
• Abeille, A., Pawlak, J., & Sivakumar, A. (2022). Exploring the meaning and drivers of personal (Un-) Productivity of knowledge workers in mobile settings. Travel Behaviour and Society, 27, 26-37.
  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2021.11.004

The progressive automation of value creation processes, accelerated innovations in many areas of society, and the transformation to an information and service society, are leading to an increasing prevalence of knowledge work. Knowledge work refers to all forms of work that are characterized by high knowledge intensity, creativity, and often novelty. Examples include project work, research and development activities, and professional services. Measuring individual productivity has become increasingly challenging for knowledge workers due to their tasks and responsibilities in a fast-paced world. This seminar thesis topic defines the term individual productivity and provides existing research in terms of how it can be measured effectively. Since there is no one-fits-all solution, the thesis will delve into existing concepts, techniques and scale and compare them in an appropriate manner. The findings of this thesis will provide a summary of existing research at a higher level and give useful insights for both academia and practice, as well as offer recommendations for future research in this field.

Literatur

• Børing, P., & Grøgaard, J. B. (2021). Do older employees have a lower individual productivity potential than younger employees?. Journal of Population Ageing, 1-29.
• Duffy, R. D., Martin, H. M., Bryan, N. A., & Raque-Bogdan, T. L. (2008). Measuring individual research productivity: A review and development of the integrated research productivity index. Journal of counseling psychology, 55(4), 518.
• Ferreira, Y., Rodrigues, S. A., Lima, D. G., Duran, M. L. F., Blaschek, J. R., & De Souza, J. M. (2009). Cronus: A task management system to support software development. AIDSS, 376–379. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.5220/0002011803760379
• Franssila, H. (2019). Work fragmentation, task management practices and productivity in individual knowledge work. International conference on human-computer interaction, 29–38.
• Fritz, T. (2016). Measuring individual productivity. In Perspectives on Data Science for Software Engineering (pp. 67-71). Morgan Kaufmann.
• Fukuzawa, R., Joho, H., & Maeshiro, T. (2015). Practice and experience of task management of university students: Case of University of Tsukuba, Japan. Education for Information, 31(3), 109–124. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3233/EFI-150953
• Marshall, S., Warren, B., Roodenburg, O., Smolenaers, F., Leon, G., McKimm, A., Keogh, M., Stuart, J., Logan, M., & Stripp, A. (2016). An electronic task management (ETM) system for after hours hospital work and subsequent socially mediated effects of task completion. 566–570. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601130
• Ohmukai, I., & Takeda, H. (2003). Social scheduler: A proposal of collaborative personal task management. 666–670. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1109/WI.2003.1241292
• Paul, C. L., Komlodi, A., & Lutters, W. (2015). Interruptive notifications in support of task management. International Journal of Human Computer Studies, 79, 20–34. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2015.02.001
• Perianes-Rodriguez, A., & Ruiz-Castillo, J. (2015). Within-and between-department variability in individual productivity: The case of economics. Scientometrics, 102, 1497-1520.
• Tagg, R., Koh, L., & Beames, T. (2010). Encouraging a culture change in task management within PIM tools. 5 HCI, 137–142. Scopus. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78649880292&partnerID=40&md5=b3a2478043f89238cc7b4eafa31754fb

Individual productivity apps have become increasingly popular in recent years, providing individuals with various tools and features to manage their tasks, goals, and schedules. While these apps can be effective in enhancing productivity, they often rely on individuals to develop and maintain effective habits to use them consistently and achieve their goals.

This seminar aims to provide a conceptual analysis of the role of habits in individual productivity apps, exploring how habits can influence the effectiveness of these apps and how these apps can support the development of effective habits. The study will start by defining the concept of habits, examining how habits are formed, and exploring the different types of habits that can influence individual productivity.

Students should use a conceptual research approach, analyzing and synthesizing the existing literature, including theories, models, and empirical studies, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of habits in individual productivity apps. The seminar thesis will focus on identifying the different ways in which individual productivity apps can support the development of effective habits, exploring the different features and design elements that can encourage habit formation and maintenance. Students should also examine the challenges associated with developing effective habits, such as the need for motivation, consistency, and environmental support.

Students are supposed to discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with habit formation in individual productivity apps, such as the need for personalized approaches, feedback, and continuous improvement.

The study should provide valuable insights for individuals, app developers, and researchers on how to design and use individual productivity apps to support habit formation and enhance productivity.

Literatur

• Neal, D. T., Wood, W., Labrecque, J. S., & Lally, P. (2012). How do habits guide behavior? Perceived and actual triggers of habits in daily life. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48(2), 492-498.
• Webber, J. K., Ser, E. M., & Goussak, G. W. (2015). Work habits as positive and negative influence on workplace productivity. Global Journal of Business Research, 9(1), 39-48.

The progressive automation of value creation processes, accelerated innovations in many areas of society, and the transformation to an information and service society, are leading to an increasing prevalence of knowledge work. Knowledge work refers to all forms of work that are characterized by high knowledge intensity, creativity, and often novelty. Examples include project work, research and development activities, and professional services. Implementation plans and clearly defined goals have become increasingly popular as a solution for knowledge workers to manage their tasks and responsibilities in a fast-paced world. This seminar thesis topic explores the definition of key terminology such as personal productivity, personal productivity apps and goals. The thesis will delve into the history and development of the role of goals for individual productivity and examine existing literature for links among those concepts. Further, statements need to be backed by theories and published empirical studies. The research will also analyze the evaluate the meaningfulness (or its lack) for individual productivity and provide examples of concrete apps that have been implemented successfully (or not successfully). The findings of this thesis will provide insights into how individuals can use goals to optimize their productivity and time management, and offer recommendations for future research in this field.

Literatur

• Andrei, O., Calder, M., Chalmers, M., Morrison, A., & Rost, M. (2016). Probabilistic formal analysis of app usage to inform redesign. In Integrated Formal Methods: 12th International Conference, IFM 2016, Reykjavik, Iceland, June 1-5, 2016, Proceedings 12 (pp. 115-129). Springer International Publishing.
• Ferreira, Y., Rodrigues, S. A., Lima, D. G., Duran, M. L. F., Blaschek, J. R., & De Souza, J. M. (2009). Cronus: A task management system to support software development. AIDSS, 376–379. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.5220/0002011803760379
• Franssila, H. (2019). Work fragmentation, task management practices and productivity in individual knowledge work. International conference on human-computer interaction, 29–38.
• Fukuzawa, R., Joho, H., & Maeshiro, T. (2015). Practice and experience of task management of university students: Case of University of Tsukuba, Japan. Education for Information, 31(3), 109–124. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3233/EFI-150953
• Georgopoulos, B. S., Mahoney, G. M., & Jones Jr, N. W. (1957). A path-goal approach to productivity. Journal of applied Psychology, 41(6), 345.
• Marshall, S., Warren, B., Roodenburg, O., Smolenaers, F., Leon, G., McKimm, A., Keogh, M., Stuart, J., Logan, M., & Stripp, A. (2016). An electronic task management (ETM) system for after hours hospital work and subsequent socially mediated effects of task completion. 566–570. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601130
• Ohmukai, I., & Takeda, H. (2003). Social scheduler: A proposal of collaborative personal task management. 666–670. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1109/WI.2003.1241292
• Palvalin, M., Vuolle, M., Jääskeläinen, A., Laihonen, H., & Lönnqvist, A. (2015). SmartWoW–constructing a tool for knowledge work performance analysis. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 64(4), 479-498.
• Paul, C. L., Komlodi, A., & Lutters, W. (2015). Interruptive notifications in support of task management. International Journal of Human Computer Studies, 79, 20–34. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2015.02.001
• Roy, S., Ponnam, A., & Mandal, S. (2017). Comprehending technology attachment in the case of smart phone-applications: an empirical study. Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations (JECO), 15(1), 23-43.
• Tagg, R., Koh, L., & Beames, T. (2010). Encouraging a culture change in task management within PIM tools. 5 HCI, 137–142. Scopus. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78649880292&partnerID=40&md5=b3a2478043f89238cc7b4eafa31754fb
• White, G., Liang, Z., & Clarke, S. (2019, September). A quantified-self framework for exploring and enhancing personal productivity. In 2019 International Conference on Content-Based Multimedia Indexing (CBMI) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

Gamification has become an increasingly popular approach for motivating and engaging individuals in various activities, including productivity apps. The use of game-like elements, such as rewards, badges, and leaderboards, in productivity apps has been shown to increase motivation and engagement, leading to improved productivity and performance.

This seminar aims to provide a conceptual analysis of the role of gamification in individual productivity apps, examining how game-like elements can be used to motivate individuals and improve their productivity. The study will start by defining the concept of gamification first.

Students should then use a conceptual research approach, analyzing and synthesizing the existing literature, including theories, models, and empirical studies, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of gamification in individual productivity apps.

The thesis should focus on the impact of gamification on productivity, including the potential benefits of using game-like elements in productivity apps for extended periods. Students should also examine the challenges associated with the use of gamification in apps.

By exploring different strategies and techniques for using gamification, this thesis should provide valuable insights for individuals seeking to optimize their productivity through the use of gamification.

Literatur

• Alsawaier, R. S. (2018). The effect of gamification on motivation and engagement. The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 35(1), 56-79.
• Koivisto, J., & Hamari, J. (2019). The rise of motivational information systems: A review of gamification research. International Journal of Information Management, 45, 191-210.
• Mitchell, R., Schuster, L., & Jin, H. S. (2020). Gamification and the impact of extrinsic motivation on needs satisfaction: Making work fun?. Journal of Business Research, 106, 323-330.

Viele Städte betreiben bereits Entwicklungsinitiativen, um ihre Stadt in eine sogenannte Smart City umzuwandeln. Smarte Produkte und Dienstleistungen werden dabei zur Informationssammlung und -auswertung, zur Unterstützung bei der Energieverteilung oder dem Notfallschutz eingesetzt, um die Städte hinsichtlich der Lebensqualität, der Effizienz und der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu verbessern. Werden dabei auch ökologische, ökonomische, soziale und kulturelle Aspekte berücksichtigt, spricht man von einer Sustainable Smart City.

Ein mögliches Ziel der Arbeit ist es, Ansätze, Strategien, kritische Erfolgsfaktoren und Herausforderungen für die Entwicklung von Sustainable Smart Cities zu identifizieren und miteinander abzugleichen, sowie die möglich beitragende Rolle der Wirtschaftsinformatik dabei herauszuarbeiten.

Literatur

• Kaewkitipong L (2019) An Introduction to Smart City Research: A review of The Past And The Future. In: ICEB 2019 Proceedings. December 8-12, 2019, S 43–52. https://aisel.aisnet.org/iceb2019/23
• Marrone M, Hammerle M (2018) Smart Cities: A Review and Analysis of Stakeholders’ Literature. Business & Information Systems Engineering 60(3):197–213. doi:10.1007/s12599-018-0535-3 
• Trindade EP, Hinnig MPF, Da Costa EM, Marques JS, Bastos RC, Yigitcanlar T (2017) Sustainable development of smart cities: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 3(3). doi:10.1186/s40852-017-0063-2 
• Yigitcanlar T, Han H, Kamruzzaman M (2019) Approaches, Advances, and Applications in the Sustainable Development of Smart Cities: A Commentary from the Guest Editors. Energies 12(23). www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/23/4554. doi:10.3390/en12234554 

Das Angebotsportfolio vieler Unternehmen wird zunehmend durch digitalisierte (smarte) Produkte und Services ergänzt, um einen Wettbewerbsvorteil zu erzielen oder aufrecht zu erhalten. Der Wechsel von bisher rein physischen Produkten hin zu smarten Produkten und Services ist dabei für Unternehmen mit zahlreichen Herausforderungen verbunden und bedarf daher strategischer Planung im Vorfeld.

Ein mögliches Ziel dieser Arbeit wäre die Identifikation und Kategorisierung von kritischen Erfolgsfaktoren und Strategien zur Bewältigung der zuvor identifizierten Herausforderungen für den erfolgreichen Wandel hin zu smarten Produkten und Services.

Literatur

• Porter ME, Heppelmann JE (2014) How Smart, Connected Products are Transforming Competition. Harvard Business Review 92(11):64–88
• Porter ME, Heppelmann JE (2015) How Smart, Connected Products Are Transforming Companies. Harvard Business Review 93(10):96–114
• Püschel L, Roeglinger M, Schlott H (2016) What's in a Smart Thing? Development of a Multi-layer Taxonomy. In: ICIS 2016 PROCEEDINGS. aisel.aisnet.org/icis2016/DigitalInnovation/Presentations/6/

Digitalisierte (smarte) Produkte und Services werden zunehmend wichtiger für Unternehmen um einen Wettbewerbsvorteil zu erzielen. Gleichzeitig schreitet die digitale Transformation in Unternehmen voran und ist noch immer eine Herausforderung für viele Unternehmen. Um aus Unternehmenssicht das Potential digitalisierter Produkte in Bezug auf Kostenminimierung bzw. Gewinnmaximierung auszuschöpfen, bedarf es neue bzw. angepasste Geschäftsmodelle.

Ein mögliches Ziel dieser Arbeit besteht daher darin, sich mit den inhärenten Eigenschaften digitalisierter Produkte und Dienstleistungen auseinanderzusetzen, die neue Geschäftsmodelle ermöglichen bzw. benötigen, und entsprechend darauf aufbauend sich mit Ansätzen der Literatur für neue Geschäftsmodelle vergleichend auseinanderzusetzen.

Literatur

• Fleisch E, Weinberger M, Wortmann F (2015) Business Models and the Internet of Things (Extended Abstract). In: Podnar Žarko I, Pripužić K, Serrano M (eds) Interoperability and Open-Source Solutions for the Internet of Things. International Workshop, FP7 OpenIoT Project, Held in Conjunction with SoftCOM 2014, Cham, pp 6–10. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16546-2_2 
• Porter ME, Heppelmann JE (2014) How Smart, Connected Products are Transforming Competition. Harvard Business Review 92(11):64–88
• Shim JP, Sharda R, French AM, Syler RA, Patten KP (2020) The Internet of Things: Multi-faceted Research Perspectives. Communications of the Association for Information Systems 46:511–536. doi:10.17705/1CAIS.04621 

Sowohl im betrieblichen wie im privaten Kontext sind IT-Systeme allgegenwärtig. Nichtsdestotrotz hat die Gestaltung von IT-Systemen Einfluss darauf wie Stakeholder, die von der Systemnutzung betroffen sind. Teils geht es soweit, dass es sich um Diskriminierung handelt. 

Insbesondere bzgl. Sexismus und Rassismus werden immer wieder Systeme gefunden, die aufgrund ihrer Konzeption oder Nutzung Menschen benachteiligen, seien es Predictive-Policing-Systeme die in der Vergangenheit Afroamerikaner vermehrt zu Unrecht beschuldigten, Algorithmen für virtuelle Hintergründe bei Videokonferenzen die nur bei Personen mit weißer Hautfarbe funktionieren oder Algorithmen für das automatisierte Verwalten von Videokonferenzen mit mehreren gleichzeitig sprechenden Teilnehmern, die überdurchschnittlich häufig Frauen stummschalten.

Ein mögliches Ziel dieser Arbeit wäre die Identifikation und Kategorisierung von Diskriminierungsszenarien und die Analyse der möglichen Folgen durch diese Form der Diskriminierung für Nutzer, Anbieter und Betroffene solcher IT-Lösungen.

Literatur

• Feine J, Gnewuch U, Morana S, Maedche A (2020) Gender Bias in Chatbot Design. In: Følstad A, Araujo T, Papadopoulos S, Law EL-C, et al. (Hrsg) Chatbot Research and Design. Springer International Publishing, Cham, S 79–93. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39540-7_6 
• Hong J-W, Williams D (2019) Racism, responsibility and autonomy in HCI: Testing perceptions of an AI agent. Computers in Human Behavior 100:79–84. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2019.06.012 

Sowohl im betrieblichen wie im privaten Kontext sind IT-Systeme allgegenwärtig. Nichtsdestotrotz hat die Gestaltung von IT-Systemen Einfluss darauf wie Stakeholder, die von der Systemnutzung betroffen sind. Teils geht es soweit, dass es sich um Diskriminierung handelt.

Ein Beispiel wäre Diskriminierung im Rahmen einer Personendatenbank bei der die Felder „Geschlecht“ oder „Anrede“ nur zwei Ausprägungsmöglichkeiten haben und damit keine Möglichkeit bieten, eine nichtbinäre Geschlechtsidentität abzubilden. Dabei wird dieses Problem auch dadurch vergrößert, dass solche Daten häufig nur pauschalisiert erhoben werden ohne dass es im Kontext des IT-Systems eine konkrete Anforderung dazu gibt.

Ein mögliches Ziel dieser Arbeit wäre sowohl die Identifikation von Gestaltungsempfehlungen oder Methoden, die geeignet sind bisher nicht beachtete Probleme zu identifizieren, als auch die Identifikation solcher, die konkret erkannten Problemen entgegenwirken.

Literatur

• Feine J, Gnewuch U, Morana S, Maedche A (2020) Gender Bias in Chatbot Design. In: Følstad A, Araujo T, Papadopoulos S, Law EL-C, et al. (Hrsg) Chatbot Research and Design. Springer International Publishing, Cham, S 79–93. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39540-7_6 
• Buchmüller S, Joost G, Bessing N, Stein S (2011) Bridging the gender and generation gap by ICT applying a participatory design process. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 15(7):743–758. doi:10.1007/s00779-011-0388-y 

Die Gestaltung von mobilen Applikationen wird heutzutage durch Frameworks unterstützt. Für die vorherrschenden Plattformen Android und iOS bieten dabei die Hersteller selbst Entwicklungsumgebungen und -frameworks an, um Applikationen zu erstellen. Zusätzlich gibt es eine Reihe von Frameworks, die die plattformunabhängige Entwicklung erlauben: Mit einer Konzeption soll die App sowohl für Android wie iOS generiert werden können.

Während die Entwicklung dieser Apps hinreichend unterstützt wird, wird bei der Konzeption häufig nicht auf Benutzergruppen fokussiert, die visuelle Einschränkungen haben. Dabei dürfte aber gleichwohl naheliegend sein, dass es viele Potenziale in der Smartphone- und App-Benutzung gibt, auch für Menschen mit visuellen Einschränkungen, insb. auch mit stark eingeschränkter Sehfähigkeit oder Blindheit.

Ein Ziel dieser Arbeit könnte sein zu identifizieren, wie die Anforderungen an eine möglichst barrierefreie mobile Applikation sind, etwa in Bezug auf Funktionalität, Inhalt und Darstellung. Darauf aufbauend könnte analysiert werden wie diese Anforderungen durch die bestehenden Frameworks unterstützt werden, wie Applikationen dynamisch auf die Anforderungen eines Benutzers, die beispielsweise im Betriebsystem konfiguriert sind, reagieren können oder welche Methodiken es gibt um die Anforderungen zu ermitteln.

Literatur

• Krainz E, Miesenberger K, Feiner J (2018) Can We Improve App Accessibility with Advanced Development Methods? In: Miesenberger K, Kouroupetroglou G (Hrsg) Computers Helping People with Special Needs. Springer International Publishing, Cham, S 64–70. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94277-3_12 
• Moon H, Cheon J, Lee J, Banda DR, Griffin-Shirley N, Ajuwon PM (2020) Factors influencing the intention of persons with visual impairment to adopt mobile applications based on the UTAUT model. Universal Access in the Information Society. doi:10.1007/s10209-020-00757-0 

Viele Unternehmen setzen heutzutage auf ein digitales Plattformgeschäftsmodell um Wettbewerbsvorteile zu erzielen, teilweise mit dem Ziel langfristig ein ganzes digitales Ökosystem aufzubauen und anbieten zu können. Hierfür bedarf es jedoch einer geeigneten Plattformstrategie und entsprechende Geschäftsmodelle, um die Plattform, als auch langfristig die Ökosystem-Vision umsetzen zu können.

Ein mögliches Ziel der Arbeit wäre einen Überblick über Strategien und Geschäftsmodelle für digitale Plattformen und Ökosysteme zu geben, sowie eine Zuordnung, welche Geschäftsmodelle für welche Strategie sinnvoll wären unter Berücksichtigung der verschiedenen Plattformtypen, vorzunehmen.

Literatur

• Asadullah A, Faik I, Kankanhalli A (2018) Digital Platforms: A Review and Future Directions. In: PACIS 2018 Proceedings.
• Guggenberger TM, Möller F, Haarhaus T, Gür I, Otto B (2020) Ecosystem Types in Information Systems. In: ECIS 2020 Research Papers
• Vom Brocke J, Simons A, Niehaves B, Niehaves B, Riemer K, Plattfaut R, Cleven A (2009) Reconstructing the Giant: On the Importance of Rigour in Documenting the Literature Search Process. In: Newell S, Whitley E, Pouloudi N, Wareham J, Mathiassen L (Hrsg) Information systems in a globalising world : challenges, ethics and practices ; ECIS 2009, 17th European Conference on Information Systems, Verona, S 2206–2217.
• Webster J, Watson RT (2002) Analyzing the Past to Prepare for the Future: Writing a Literature Review. MIS Quarterly 26(2):xiii–xxiii.

Information asymmetries between members of a supply chain produce turbulences and undesired outcomes for everyone involved. The underlying mechanisms, including the bullwhip effect, are well-described and known for decades. Information systems such as supply chain resource planning systems or forecasting systems have been proposed to resolve the underlying issues through collective data collection and analysis, supply chain-wide coordination, or platformization. Against this background, however, modern supply chains still suffer substantially from information asymmetries. One of the latest examples have been global shortages in the semiconductor domain that were induced by the COVID pandemic and eventually rippled through numerous industries, such as the automotive sector. After years of optimizing supply chains for cost pressures, examples like these clarify how firms need to become more resilient, i.e., detect, respond, and recover. Here, digital transformation and the advent of machine learning might provide novel ways to resolve these tasks. In this seminar research, students conduct a systematic literature review to inquire the available data in modern supply chains and explore potential use of machine learning to detect risks, respond, or recover.

Literatur

• Lee, H. L., Padmanabhan, V., & Whang, S. (1997). The Bullwhip Effect In Supply Chains1. Sloan Management Review, 38 (3), 93-102.
• Ramani, V., Ghosh, D., & Sodhi, M. S. (2022). Understanding systemic disruption from the Covid-19-induced semiconductor shortage for the auto industry. Omega, 113, 102720.
• Sheffi, Y., & Rice Jr., J. B. (2005). A Supply Chain View of the Resilient Enterprise. MIT Sloan Management Review, 47(1), 41–48.
• Speier, C., Whipple, J. M., Closs, D. J., & Voss, M. D. (2011). Global supply chain design considerations: Mitigating product safety and security risks. Journal of Operations Management, 29(7/8), 721–736.
• Wakolbinger, T., & Cruz, J. M. (2011). Supply chain disruption risk management through strategic information acquisition and sharing and risk-sharing contracts. International Journal of Production Research, 49(13), 4063–4084.

Long before the dawn of the world wide web, the Internet has been established as humanities largest digital infrastructure. It has become the backbone of many digital products and services that we see today. At the core of the internet are multiple standards, including Internet Protocol (IP) and the Transfer Control Protocol (TCP), that have been established in the 1970s. Up until very recently, standards like these have become stable fundaments. Digital infrastructures, like the internet are socio-technical systems though. Standards, like the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), TCP, or IP are created jointly between developers, companies, or national entities, for instance as part of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). In this seminar work, we are curious to learn how some elements of the Internet have become stable and largely unchanged for decades. We invite students to take a path dependency lens as we explore “the Internet”. Students will investigate the formation and potential breaking of paths in this digital infrastructure.

(1) Students may engage in a case that considers the formation of a path, investigating historical events that transformed into self-reinforcing dynamics, leading to organizational lock-ins (Sydow et al. 2009; Schreyögg 2011).

(2) Students may engage in a case that considers breaking of a path, investigating current events, like the introduction of IPv6 in 2017 and HTTP/3 (QUIC) in 2022.

Literatur

• David, P. A. (1985). Clio and the Economics of QWERTY. The American economic review, 75 (2), 332-337.
• Schreyögg, G., & Sydow, J. (2011). Organizational path dependence: A process view. Organization Studies, 32 (3), 321-335.
• Sydow, J., & Koll, F. (2017). Platforming for path-breaking? The case of regional electromobility initiatives in Germany. Knowledge and networks, 191-219.
• Sydow, J., Schreyögg, G., & Koch, J. (2009). Organizational path dependence: Opening the black box. Academy of management review, 34 (4), 689-709.
• Zittrain, J. (2008). The future of the internet--and how to stop it. Yale University Press.

ChatGPT, Dall-E, Midjourney, or Stable Diffusion - large language models have become a dominant form of artificial intelligence (AI) application in daily news and across many fields of businesses. Training these models a fair representation of human knowledge takes considerable data and processing power. However, in order to automate or augment human tasks, AI applications need to understand not only the data to be represented but also intentions, instructions, and desires (goals) that are connected with a human task. Providing or training these goals therefore becomes an important part of AI application design. In this seminar work, students will engage with the question in how designers of AI application approach solving the AI alignment problem. For this, students conceptualize training with managing AI alignment, i.e., aligning AI with human values.

After gaining a fundamental overview about the AI alignment discourse, students will engage with the case of a large language model provider such as OpenAI or AlephAlpha, and inquire how these providers manage the AI alignment problem.

Literatur

• Gabriel, I. (2020). Artificial intelligence, values, and alignment. Minds and machines, 30 (3), 411-437.
• Gregory, R. W., Henfridsson, O., Kaganer, E., & Kyriakou, H. (2021). The role of artificial intelligence and data network effects for creating user value. Academy of management review, 46 (3), 534-551.
• Han, S., Kelly, E., Nikou, S., & Svee, E. O. (2020). Reflections on Artificial Intelligence Alignment with Human Values: a phenomenological Perspective. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Information Systems.
• Raisch, S., & Krakowski, S. (2021). Artificial intelligence and management: The automation–augmentation paradox. Academy of management review, 46 (1), 192-210.
• Russell, S., Dewey, D., & Tegmark, M. (2015). Research priorities for robust and beneficial artificial intelligence. Ai Magazine, 36 (4), 105-114.
• Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2010). Artificial intelligence: A modern approach (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping the business world in ways that potentially may enable organizations to create business value and/or reinvent their business models. Despite the expected potential, organizations encounter many pitfalls when adopting AI-based solutions, and in consequences, may have difficulties in moving beyond the pilot stage of conducted AI projects. Many researchers argue that the probability of successful AI adoption can be increased though an organization reaching the awareness on its readiness to such an adoption. This in turn requires assessing whether, among others, organizational assets, capabilities and commitment match the specifics of an AI project and its purposes. The main aim of this seminar paper is the identification and critical analysis of (1) proposed organizational readiness concepts for AI adoption, as well as of (2) the claimed impact of organizational readiness factors along the adoption process of AI.

Literatur

• Jöhnk, J., Weißert, M. & Wyrtki, K. Ready or Not, AI Comes— An Interview Study of Organizational AI Readiness Factors. Bus Inf Syst Eng 63, 5–20 (2021). doi.org/10.1007/s12599-020-00676-7
• Weiner BJ (2009) A theory of organizational readiness for change. Implement Sci 4:1–9
• Shahrasbi N, Paré G (2014) Rethinking the concept of organizational readiness: what can is researchers learn from the change management field? In: AMCIS 2014 Proceedings, Savannah
• Alsheibani S, Cheung Y, Messom C (2018) Artificial intelligence adoption: AI-readiness at firm-level. In: PACIS 2018 Proceedings, Yokohama

The concept of circular economy (CE) is becoming increasingly popular with academia, industry, and policymakers. It is considered by many to be a promising path towards a more sustainable economic system. On the other hand, we notice the omnipresence of information and communication technology as well as its increasing influence on almost every aspect of our life. This leads to a question what role the information technology and information systems have when it comes to enabling and supporting the CE concepts. Therefore, the main aim of this seminar paper is to critically review existing IS solutions supporting/enabling the CE, propose their categorization, for instance, by considering their capabilities as well as their contribution to or impact on CE. Finally, open issues in existing studies should be identified.

Literatur

• Zeiss, R, Ixmeier, A, Recker, J, Kranz, J. Mobilising information systems scholarship for a circular economy: Review, synthesis, and directions for future research. Inf Syst J. 2021; 31: 148– 183. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12305
• Liu, Qinglan, et al. "A framework of digital technologies for the circular economy: Digital functions and mechanisms." Business Strategy and the Environment 31.5 (2022): 2171-2192.
• Kirchherr, J.; Reike, D.; Hekkert, M. Conceptualizing the Circular Economy: An Analysis of 114 Definitions. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 2017, 127, 221–232.
• Demestichas, Konstantinos, and Emmanouil Daskalakis. "Information and communication technology solutions for the circular economy." Sustainability 12.18 (2020): 7272.

Recently, there is a huge hype with respect to (data) sovereignty. This hype is partly explained by the increase in cyber attacks and fear of third-party dependencies or even “lock-ins”. Furthermore, the privacy of individuals and the noticing of data as valuable led to an acceleration of this movement. Almost parallelly there have been movements, which attempt to provide open access to a huge variety of resources. This is noticeable when it comes to the ideas of “Open Data” or “Open Source”. Typically, these openness initiatives focus on either government or business assets. While it is argued that the former one is rightful due to public funding, the latter one is claimed to be beneficial to enterprises with respect to gaining insights, proposals, or innovation from organization-external members. Looking on both of these movements there seems to be a contradiction at first. Thus, a detailed investigation of both phenomena and their intersections indicate a fruitful research avenue. Therefore, this seminar paper should provide a detailed investigation of the concepts openness and sovereignty. Based on these examinations, similarities and differences of both concepts shall be discovered. Furthermore, there is need to relax identified contradictions. Thus, the seminar paper should state identified contradictions and provide proposals how these contradictions could be lifted (e.g. by taking different perspectives) or at least how a potential trade-off can be optimized depending on characteristics of a situation.

Literatur

• Chen, Y., Pardo, T. A., & Chen, S. (2017). Exploring on the role of open government data in emergency management. International Conference on Electronic Government, 303–313.
• Glassey, O. (2017). Proactive transparency and open data: A tentative analysis. International
  Conference on Electronic Government, 314–323.
• Hilgers, D. (2012). Open Government: Theoretische Bezüge und konzeptionelle Grundlagen einer neuen Entwicklung in Staat und öffentlichen Verwaltungen. Zeitschrift Für Betriebswirtschaft 2012 82:6, 82(6), 631–660.
• Hummel, P., Braun, M., Tretter, M., & Dabrock, P. (2021). Data sovereignty: A review. Big Data & Society, 8(1), 1–17.
• Rudman, R., & Bruwer, R. (2016). Defining Web 3.0: Opportunities and challenges. The Electronic Library, 34(1), 132–154.
• Wilson, D. W., Schuetzler, R. M., Dorn, B., Proudfoot, J. G., & Valacich, J. S. (2015). When disclosure is involuntary: Empowering users with control to reduce concerns. International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS).
• Wriston, W. B. (1988). Technology and Sovereignty. Foreign Affairs, 67(2), 75.

Applications of machine learning (ML) aim at a transformation from an input to an output. Since contemporary ML is rooted in statistics and probability theory, the input and ouput must be represented in a structured and often numerical manner. This poses a challenge and barrier to using conceptual models as inputs and outputs to ML applications. Conceptual models can be created using a variety of publicly available modelling languages, such as the UML or ERM, or domain-specific and idiosyncratic modeling languages. Additionally, conceptual models contain information in a variety of different formats: some information may be embedded in the labels, some may be embedded in different kinds of associations, some may be embedded in the modelling concepts. Encoding options include the use of graph encodings or natural language encodings (e.g., bag-of-words). Thereby the encoding is dependent on what the ML algorithm accepts as input and vice versa. While it is certain that conceptual models must in some way be encoded for the use by ML applications, it is not certain which encoding is preferable for what purpose.

In this seminar paper, you should argue for the relevance and difficulty of conceptual model encodings, present a survey of different approaches, and comparatively analyze them with regards to their characteristics.

Literatur

• Cerqueira T, Ramalho F, Marinho LB (2016) A Content-based Approach for Recommending UML Sequence Diagrams. 28th International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering (SEKE), pp. 644-649
• Marcén AC, Pérez F, Pastor Ó, Cetina C (2022) Enhancing Software Model Encoding for Feature Location Approaches Based on Machine Learning Techniques. Software & Systems Modeling 21:399–433

The language-action perspective (LAP) emerged in the 1980s and 90s alongside the “humanistic twist” in IS research. IS researchers began to argue that people in organizations should not be viewed as mere users of software applications, but as social actors in social systems with social needs and functions where software applications merely support these social aspects. The LAP was in large part developed by Winograd and Flores (Flores and Ludlow 1980; Winograd 1986; Winograd and Flores 1987). It emphasizes language as the core mediator of information and advocates the constitutive nature of language: Language does not merely depict language but also helps to create it. Theoretical discussions on the implications for IS research soon followed (e.g., Lyytinen 1985; Lehtinen and Lyytinen 1986; Hirschheim et al. 1996). This seminar paper intends to apply the LAP to the currently trending topic of machine learning (ML) applications. The main tenets of the LAP should be identified and applied to selected areas of the ML workflow to adress the central question: Does the LAP provide a fruitful alternative view on ML research and applications?

Literatur

• Flores F, Ludlow JJ (1980) Doing and Speaking in the Office. In: Fick G (ed). Decision Support Systems: Issues and Challenges. Pergamon Press: Oxford, New York, Toronto, et al., pp 95–118
• Hirschheim R, Klein HK, Lyytinen KJ (1996) Exploring the Intellectual Structures of Information Systems Development: A Social Action Theoretic Analysis. Accounting, Management, and Information Technology6(1):1–64
• Jaton F (2021) Assessing Biases, Relaxing Moralism: On Ground-Truthing Practices in Machine Learning Design and Application. Big Data & Society 8(1)
• Lehtinen E, Lyytinen K (1986) Action Based Model of Information System. Information Systems 11(4):299-317
• Lyytinen KJ (1985) Implications of Theories of Language for Information Systems. MIS Quaterly 9(1):61–74
• Pääkkönen J, Ylikoski P (2021) Humanistic Interpretation and Machine Learning. Synthese 2021(199):1461–1497
• Searle JR (1969) Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
• Winograd T, Flores F (1987) Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company: Reading, MA, Menlo Park, CA
• Winograd T (1986) A Language/Action Perspective on the Design of Cooperative Work. CSCW '86: Proceedings of the 1986 ACM Conference on Computer-supported Cooperative Work, pp 203–220